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Food addiction and impulsivity in adolescents: A cross-sectional survey of 360 cases
- M. Chaabane, D. Ben Touhemi, K. Chiha, W. Kammoun, J. Boudabous, I. Hajkacem, H. Ayadi, K. Khemakhem, Y. Moalla
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S732
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Introduction
Impulsive personality Traits have been highly associated with both alcohol abuse and drug addiction, but have been accorded little attention in the context of food addiction.
ObjectivesTo study the relationship between impulsivity and food addiction in school-aged adolescents.
MethodsIt is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical survey, conducted in a sample of secondary school students, randomly collected in 6 schools in the region of Sfax during February 2022. A pre established form of 33 questions, including socio- demographic and family information was used. Impulsivity was evaluated by the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11; Patton et al., 1995). The BIS is a 30-item questionnaire that measures impulsivity along the following dimensions: cognitive, motor, and non-planning. The validated arabic version was used. *
The 25-item Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), validated in Arabic, was used to assess food addiction in adolescents.
ResultsOur sample consisted of 360 adolescents, with an average age of 16.62 years, being male in 52.2% and with a low to medium socio-economic level in 72.7% of them.
A total of 20% of the adolescents showed a tendency to impulsivity, 23.6% had impulse control disorder.
The food addiction score of our sample ranged from 0 to 56 with an average of 16.37 ± 12.380.
The average food addiction score for adolescents with impulse control disorder was 20.21 ±14.819 while the average food addiction score for adolescents without impulse control disorder was 15.18 ± 11.291.
Food addiction was strongly associated with impulsivity (p < 0.001).In particularly, Non-planning impulsivity was most strongly correlated with food addiction (p < 0.001, r ꞊ 0.252)
ConclusionsImpulsivity, commonly related to addictive substance use behaviors, may be a significant risk factor for food addiction. Early monitoring of impulse control disorder may help to reduce addictive food consumption.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychological impact of motor impairment in tow forms of congenital muscular dystrophy
- I. Boujelbene, M. Chaabane, M. Guirat, D. Ben Touhemi, N. Gharbi, M. Yousr, H. Kamoun, I. Ben Ayed
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S733
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Introduction
Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) represent a heterogeneous group of early-onset muscle disorders presenting primarily with hypotonia and delayed motor development. Several genes are known to be responsible for CMDs, including the LAMA2 gene, involved in merosin-deficient type 1A (MDC1A), and the FKRP gene involved in muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type B5 (MDDGB5). These two forms of CMD are autosomal recessive and are each characterized by the presence of a mutation with a founder effect in South Tunisia. Cognitive development associated with the founder mutation in the LAMA2 gene (c.8007delT) is often conserved, whereas in the founder mutation of the FKRP gene (c.1364 C>A), motor impairment is associated with intellectual disability (ID).
ObjectivesTo compare the psychological impact of motor impairment in children presenting these two forms of CMD and their families.
MethodsThe study consisted of a survey of parents of children with a confirmed diagnosis of MDC1A (5 from 3 unrelated families) or MDDGB5 (3 from 3 unrelated families). The correspondent founder mutation was already identified in the homozygous state by targeted sequencing. Participants’ parents completed the Parent Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a behavioral screening tool designed for children aged from 2 to 17 years. The SDQ assesses emotional symptoms, behavior problems, hyperactivity, and peer relationships; The SDQ Impact Supplement assesses the impact of all these children’s difficulties on their families.
ResultsThe average age of the children was 4.95±3.92 with two children who were not assessable by the SDQ (age< 2 years). Unlike children with MDC1A, ID has been reported in all children with MDDGB5. The mean SDQ total score for children with MDC1A was 11, whereas the mean score for children with MDDGB5 was 14.875, reflecting greater difficulty for children with MDDGB5. The family impact score was higher in families with children with MDDGB5 than in children with MDC1A (10,5 vs 7), which may be due to the burden of management of the ID associated with the motor impairment. The more pronounced difficulties associated with MDDGB5 are likely to be related to the associated ID. Whereas in MDC1A, the difficulties observed are related to the direct impact of the motor impairment. The presence of cognitive disorders associated with a motor deficit aggravates behavioral adaptation and makes the management of these children more difficult.
ConclusionsIn the absence of a comparable study in the literature, the present is conducting future studies on the behavioral profile of children with CMD to obtain a better understanding of their difficulties in everyday life and to develop interventions adapted to their families
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Familial Autism Spectrum Disorder : A clinical study from South Tunisia
- I. Boujelben, M. Chaabane, I. Ben ayed, D. Ben Touhemi, N. Gharbi, M. Guirat, I. HajKacem, H. Ayadi, H. Kamoun, Y. Moalla
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S390-S391
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Introduction
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder, with both contribution of genetic and non-genetic factors. A collaboration of de novo mutations and prenatal with postnatal environmental factors are likely to play a role. ASD can be syndromic or non-syndromic. The etiology of non-syndromic ASD is still relatively undefined due to its genetic heterogeneity. Contrary to non-syndromic ASD, syndromic ASD is often associated with chromosomal abnormalities or monogenic alterations. Familial cases of ASD support the strong genetic component of ASD.
ObjectivesTo collect clinical arguments supporting a genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder.
MethodsWe present a clinical study of familial cases of ASD. The families were recruited as part of a collaborative project between the department of Medical Genetic and the department of Child Psychiatry in Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. The clinical and paraclinical data were collected retrospectively.
ResultsOur study included 11 unrelated families from southern Tunisia, each with two ASD children, among them four couples of twins. Most families (80%) are consanguineous belonging to a middle socioeconomic class. None of the parents suffered from psychiatric disorder and a familial history of autism was reported in one family. Perinatal history, including advanced maternal or paternal age, fetal suffering and/or gestational problems, was found in 35% of cases.
The average age was 9.89 ± 3.787 (3 to 17 years) with a balanced sex-ratio.
ASD was syndromic in seven out of 11 families: facial dysmorphism in half of cases (6/11 families) and/or another comorbidity in 25% of cases (celiac disease, congenital heart disease or idiopathic hydrocephaly). ASD was associated with other(s) neurodevelopmental disorder(s) in all children. Most of cases (14/22) had delayed psychomotor development and all of them had intellectual disability with various degrees. Epilepsy was identified in three cases belonging to unrelated families. Other behavioral problem was identified in 65% of cases.
When the autism spectrum disorder is syndromic and/or associated with other(s) neurodevelopmental(s) disorder(s), this points more towards a genetic origin.
ConclusionsOur study highlights the interest of clinical investigations to determine genetic risk factors of ASD. The identification of a genetic cause in familial cases would contribute not only to better understand the pathological processes of ASD but also to provide an appropriate genetic counseling.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Internet gambling disorder in adolescents: Prevalence and associated factors; A cross-sectional study of 360 cases
- M. Chaabane, D. Ben Touhemi, K. Chiha, W. Kammoun, J. Boudabous, I. Hajkacem, H. Ayadi, K. Khemakhem, Y. Moalla
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S732-S733
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Introduction
Gambling disorders have increased over time due to the easy availability of online games.
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of internet gambling disorder in an adolescent population and to identify associated factors.
MethodsIt was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, conducted among a sample of high school students, randomly collected in 6 schools in the region of Sfax during the month of February 2022. A pre-established form of 33 questions, including socio-demographic and family information was used.
The Arabic version of the Internet Gaming Disorder-20 (IGD-20) questionnaire was used to assess online gaming activity. It is a 20-item questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5 (strongly disagree to strongly agree). A respondent’s score was obtained by aggregating the 20 items. The higher the score, the more severe the gambling disorder. The cut-off score for the IGD-20 is 70. A score below 50 indicates occasional use; a score between 50 and 70 indicates problematic use; and a score above 70 indicates an online gambling disorder.
ResultsWe collected 360 adolescents, 52.2% of whom were male. The mean age of our patients was 16.62 years.
A total of 4.7% of the adolescents had an online gambling disorder, 26.9% had problematic use, while 68.3% were occasional users.
The analytical study revealed that online video game addiction was associated with male gender (p ꞊0.003), the presence of relationship problems with parents (p ꞊0.000), and low academic achievement (p ꞊0.000).
ConclusionsWe draw attention to the necessary debate between sensible and problematic use of new technologies and the need for longitudinal prevention in schools.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The psychological impact on parents of children with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy
- I. Boujelbene, M. Chaabane, M. Guirat, D. Ben Touhemi, S. Guidara, Y. Moalla, H. Kamoun, I. Ben Ayed
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S733
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Introduction
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a rare autosomal recessive disease usually associated with neonatal seizures that are sensitive to pyridoxine (vitamin B6). This disease can have a significant impact on family functioning, with significant psychological distress in parents. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety are the most common psychiatric outcomes in parents of children with PDE.
ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of significant symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in parents of children with PDE.
MethodsThe study consisted of a survey of parents accompanying their children diagnosed with PDE. The diagnosis was already confirmed by objectifying a homozygous or a compound heterozygous mutation in the ALDH7A1 gene in all siblings with heterozygous carrier parents. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) was used to assess parental post-traumatic stress, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to screen for parental depression and anxiety.
ResultsOur study included eight unrelated families with one infant presenting a confirmed PDE disease. The average age of the children with epilepsy was 4.18 years (8 months to 12 years) with equal representation of both sexes.
Half of parents surveyed had depressive symptoms and about two thirds reported anxious symptomatology. These troubles are mainly related to the uncertain prognosis of the disease, even with vitamin B6 supplementation, and the high risk of recurrence in siblings, which led some parents to not have other children. A higher anxiety scores was reported in parents who claimed to have difficulties in providing the necessary vitamin supplements to their affected children on a regular basis. PTSD was diagnosed in three parents: most parents reported difficulties in dealing with stress, specifically in relation to the unpredictability of seizures and the unavailability of medical care for their child, which taxed their financial resources and made it difficult for them to perform their roles effectively.
Besides, being an autosomal recessive transmission disease, the notion of responsibility/guilt was not reported by either parent, and both parents are equally involved in the care of their child.
ConclusionsA significant proportion of children’s parents with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy are suffering from depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. A deeper understanding of the clinical expressions of these troubles could help practitioners to develop prevention and intervention strategies for these parents.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cyber gaming addiction and impulsivity in adolescents
- K. Chiha, K. Khemakhem, M. Chaabane, D. Ben Touhemi, W. Kammoun, J. Boudabous, I. HadjKacem, H. Ayadi, Y. Moalla
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S511
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Introduction
The relationship between cyber video game addiction and impulsivity is controversial. Some studies have shown a significant link, others have found no association between the two behaviours.
ObjectivesTo study impulsivity in adolescents with problematic use of internet video games.
MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, conducted among a sample of adolescents randomly collected in 6 schools in the region of Sfax-Tunisia, during the month of February 2022. The rate of addiction to video games was assessed by the 20-item “Internet Gaming Disorder-20” (IGD-20) scale and impulsivity by the 30-item “Barratt Impulsivity Scale” (BIS-11). Both scales are validated in Arabic.
ResultsThe study involved 360 secondary school students, with a mean age of 16.62 +/- 0.822 years. The sex ratio was 1.09.
A gaming addiction was found in 4.7% of cases.
Similarly, impulse control disorder was noted in 23.6% of adolescents.
Problematic internet game use was significantly related to motor impulsivity (p=0.025).
There was no significant association between cyber video game addiction and cognitive or non-planning impulsivity.
ConclusionsAccording to the results, impulsiveness is a factor to consider for understanding the development of addiction to internet video games. Thus, impulsiveness should be taken into account to explain problematic gaming behaviour as well as to design preventive and treatment interventions.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Food addiction behaviour and family relationship : about 360 cases
- K. Chiha, K. Khemakhem, M. Chaabane, D. Ben Touhemi, J. Boudabous, W. Kammoun, I. HadjKacem, H. Ayadi, Y. Moalla
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, p. S511
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Introduction
For several years, strong theoretical and clinical links have been established between intra-family relationships and eating disorders.
ObjectivesTo study intra-family relationships in adolescent with food addictive behaviour.
MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted among a sample of adolescents randomly collected in 6 schools in the region of Sfax-Tunisia, during the month of February 2022. The food addiction symptomatology was assessed by the “Dimensional Yale Food Addiction Scale version 2.0 For Children” (dYFAS-C 2.0) and the family attitude was studied by the “Brief Family Relationship Scale” (BFRS) which evaluates three dimensions: cohesion, expressiveness and conflict, each having a separate score. Both scales are validated in Arabic.
ResultsThe study involved 360 high school students, with a mean age of 16.62 +/- 0.822 years. The sex ratio was 1.09.
The total score for food addiction symptomatology in our sample ranged from 0 to 56 with an average of 16.37 +/- 12.380.
Of the three dimensions of the quality of intra-family relationships studied, conflict had the highest mean score: 25.29+/-9.027.
A high food dependence score was significantly related to these three dimensions of the intrafamily relationship: lack of conflict (p=0.044), cohesion (p=0.011) and expressiveness (p=0.005) presence.
ConclusionsThe present study shows that the symptomatology of food addiction is influenced by the quality of the intra-family relationship.
Enhanced perception of the family environment and involvement of the family in possible care can help to prevent the onset of eating disorders and to plan an appropriate intervention.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Stress and self-esteem in young high school students
- K. Chiha, D. Ben Touhemi, M. Chaabane, J. Boudabous, W. Kammoun, I. HadjKacem, H. Ayadi, K. Khemakhem, Y. Moalla
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- Journal:
- European Psychiatry / Volume 66 / Issue S1 / March 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 July 2023, pp. S511-S512
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Introduction
The course of adolescence is marked by feelings of insecurity, vulnerability and can be accompanied by the emergence of several mental health problems.
Having a good self-esteem brings many benefits such as security, well-being and a strong sense of confidence. Low self-esteem is often accompanied by psychological distress such as stress.
ObjectivesTo assess the level of stress and self-esteem in young high school students and to identify the risk factors associated with low self-esteem in these adolescents.
MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted among a sample of adolescents randomly collected in 6 schools in the region of Sfax-Tunisia, during the month of February 2022. The level of stress was assessed using the Lovibond Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and self-esteem by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, both scales are validated in Arabic.
ResultsWe collected 396 adolescents. The mean age was 16.65+/-0.897 years and the sex ratio was 0.82.
Of these adolescents, 102 had stress symptoms according to the DASS-21 scale, i.e. 26% of the sample. Stress was severe to extremely severe in 37.2% of cases.
Low to very low self-esteem was found in 65.7% of cases compared to 14.7% with high self-esteem.
In addition to the association with high levels of stress in these adolescents (p=0.002), low self-esteem was associated with other psycho-social factors such as intra-family relationship problems (p=0.014), a history of repeating a year (p=0.026), low to average school performance (p=0.027) and behavioural problems in the school environment (p=0.032).
ConclusionsThese results suggest that the association of stress with certain psycho-social factors helps the deterioration of self-esteem in adolescents and vice versa.
Having high self-esteem may protect the individual from psychological vulnerabilities such as stress and help him/her to cope with them.
Disclosure of InterestNone Declared